Search results for " inhibition"
showing 10 items of 435 documents
How To Design Selective Ligands for Highly Conserved Binding Sites: A Case Study Using N-Myristoyltransferases as a Model System
2019
A model system of two related enzymes with conserved binding sites, namely N-myristoyltransferase from two different organisms, was studied to decipher the driving forces that lead to selective inhibition in such cases. Using a combination of computational and experimental tools, two different selectivity-determining features were identified. For some ligands, a change in side-chain flexibility appears to be responsible for selective inhibition. Remarkably, this was observed for residues orienting their side chains away from the ligands. For other ligands, selectivity is caused by interfering with a water molecule that binds more strongly to the off-target than to the target. On the basis o…
Coupling of electrochemical, electrogravimetric and surface analysis techniques to study dithiocarbamate/bronze interactions in chloride media
2018
International audience; Interaction between ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) and bronze in 30 g L-1 NaCl was investigated at several concentrations between 0.1 and 10 mM by means of various electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Electrochemical measurements revealed a fast adsorption process of PDTC on Cu and Pb and the formation of a thick insulating and protective film with a high surface coverage. At high concentrations, PDTC prevents oxides formation. Surface analyses confirm PDTC adsorption on bronze mainly via interaction between sulphur atoms and Cu sites to form Cu I-PDTC complex.
Molecular Basis for Endocrine Disruption by Pesticides Targeting Aromatase and Estrogen Receptor
2020
The intensive use of pesticides has led to their increasing presence in water, soil, and agricultural products. Mounting evidence indicates that some pesticides may be endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), being therefore harmful for the human health and the environment. In this study, three pesticides, glyphosate, thiacloprid, and imidacloprid, were tested for their ability to interfere with estrogen biosynthesis and/or signaling, to evaluate their potential action as EDCs. Among the tested compounds, only glyphosate inhibited aromatase activity (up to 30%) via a non-competitive inhibition or a mixed inhibition mechanism depending on the concentration applied. Then, the ability of the thr…
Spinal Endocannabinoids and CB 1 Receptors Mediate C-Fiber–Induced Heterosynaptic Pain Sensitization
2009
Plastic Pain Perception Drugs and endocannabinoids acting on cannabinoid (CB) receptors have potential in the treatment of certain types of pain. In the spinal cord they are believed to suppress nociception, the perception of pain and noxious stimuli. Pernia-Andrade et al. (p. 760 ) now find that endocannabinoids, which are released in spinal cord by noxious stimulation, may promote rather than inhibit nociception by acting on CB1 receptors. Endocannabinoids not only depress transmission at excitatory synapses in the spinal cord, but also block the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters, thereby facilitating nociception.
MCC1019, a selective inhibitor of the Polo-box domain of Polo-like kinase 1 as novel, potent anticancer candidate
2019
Polo-like kinase (PLK1) has been identified as a potential target for cancer treatment. Although a number of small molecules have been investigated as PLK1 inhibitors, many of which showed limited selectivity. PLK1 harbors a regulatory domain, the Polo box domain (PBD), which has a key regulatory function for kinase activity and substrate recognition. We report on 3-bromomethyl-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (designated: MCC1019) as selective PLK1 inhibitor targeting PLK1 PBD. Cytotoxicity and fluorescence polarization-based screening were applied to a library of 1162 drug-like compounds to identify potential inhibitors of PLK1 PBD. The activity of compound MC1019 against the PLK1…
Behavioral Inhibition Underlies the Link Between Interoceptive Sensitivity and Anxiety-Related Temperamental Traits
2017
Interoceptive sensitivity is a biologically determined, constitutional trait of an individual. High interoceptive sensitivity has been often associated with proneness to anxiety. This association has been explained by elevated autonomic responsiveness in anxious individuals. However, in a heartbeat discrimination task (discrimination of heartbeats’ simultaneity to an external stimulus) low cardiac responsiveness has accompanied enhanced performance. The relation between these factors seems task dependent, and cannot comprehensively explain the link between interoceptive sensitivity and anxiety. We explored for additional explanatory factors for this link. More specifically, we studied which…
Effects of peroxidizing herbicides on protoporphyrin IX levels in non-chlorophyllous soybean cell culture
1990
Abstract The mode of action of 16 peroxidizing herbicides belonging to four different families (diphenyl ethers, oxadiazon, pyridine derivatives, and pyrazole derivatives) has been studied in nonchlorophyllous soybean cell cultures. Whenever possible, we have compared active and inactive compounds. Phytotoxic effects were estimated on the basis of growth inhibition, either in the dark or in the light. Protoporphyrin IX accumulations were estimated in dark-treated samples, using a simple methodology. In all cases, we have found a positive correlation between cellular damages and protoporphyrin IX accumulations. The results provide further evidences in favor of the light-dependent activity of…
Tryptophan-Containing Dual Neuroprotective Peptides: Prolyl Endopeptidase Inhibition and Caenorhabditis elegans Protection from β-Amyloid Peptide Tox…
2018
Neuroprotective peptides represent an attractive pharmacological strategy for the prevention or treatment of age-related diseases, for which there are currently few effective therapies. Lactoferrin (LF)-derived peptides (PKHs) and a set of six rationally-designed tryptophan (W)-containing heptapeptides (PACEIs) were characterized as prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) inhibitors, and their effect on β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) toxicity in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was evaluated. Two LF-derived sequences, PKH8 and PKH11, sharing a W at the C-terminal end, and the six PACEI heptapeptides (PACEI48L to PACEI53L) exhibited significant in vitro PEP inhibition. The inhibitory pe…
Convergent synthesis and preliminary biological evaluations of the stilbenolignan (±)-aiphanol and various congeners
2003
Treatment of an equimolar mixture of stilbene 7 and cinnamyl alcohol 8 with silver carbonate in acetone–benzene afforded a ca. 2 : 1 : 2 : 1 mixture of the stilbenolignan (±)-aiphanol (1) and congeners 2–4 each of which show significant anti-angiogenic and COX-2 inhibitory properties.
Loss of PHD3 allows tumours to overcome hypoxic growth inhibition and sustain proliferation through EGFR
2014
Solid tumours are exposed to microenvironmental factors such as hypoxia that normally inhibit cell growth. However, tumour cells are capable of counteracting these signals through mechanisms that are largely unknown. Here we show that the prolyl hydroxylase PHD3 restrains tumour growth in response to microenvironmental cues through the control of EGFR. PHD3 silencing in human gliomas or genetic deletion in a murine high-grade astrocytoma model markedly promotes tumour growth and the ability of tumours to continue growing under unfavourable conditions. The growth-suppressive function of PHD3 is independent of the established PHD3 targets HIF and NF-κB and its hydroxylase activity. Instead, l…